MicroStrategy 7i 高级报表导引提供了MicroStrategy 7i 查询和报表产品中高级主题的详细信息。该导引假设你对基本导引安装导引所提供的信息基本理解,并在此基础上进一步深入。它使用业务场景以对每个要阐明的概念都提供实例。MicroStrategy Tutorial,MicroStrategy的实例库,元数据和项目都是每个例子的重点。有关MicroStrategy Tutorial 的信息可在“有关MicroStrategy 7i 的介绍”中找到。阅读完本导引,你将对使用MicroStrategy 7i 创建复杂报表所需的重要概念有所了解。
0. 前言........................................................................................................................................140.1 文档说明.................................................................................................................140.2 谁应使用本导引?.................................................................................................140.3 先决条件.................................................................................................................140.4 目标.........................................................................................................................140.5 关于本书.................................................................................................................150.6 印刷标准.................................................................................................................150.6.1 适合于在线和打印的文档.............................................................................150.6.2 只适合于打印文档.........................................................................................160.7 资源.........................................................................................................................170.7.1 产品文档.........................................................................................................170.7.2 在线文档.........................................................................................................180.7.3 国际支持.........................................................................................................190.8 用户帮助.................................................................................................................200.8.1 在线帮助.........................................................................................................200.8.2 技术支持.........................................................................................................200.9 反馈.........................................................................................................................231. 高级报表概述.........................................................................................................................241.1 基本MicroStrategy 7i 术语..................................................................................241.1.1 源系统.............................................................................................................241.1.2 ETL 处理........................................................................................................241.1.3 数据仓库.........................................................................................................251.1.4 逻辑数据模型.................................................................................................251.1.5 物理仓库框架.................................................................................................251.1.6 元数据数据库.................................................................................................251.1.7 事实.................................................................................................................261.1.8 实体.................................................................................................................271.1.9 度量.................................................................................................................281.1.10 报表.........................................................................................................291.2 报表对象.................................................................................................................291.3 转到高级报表生成.................................................................................................292. 报表........................................................................................................................................312.1 在你开始之前.........................................................................................................312.1.1 报表生成要点回顾.........................................................................................312.2 基本报表.................................................................................................................332.3 筛选.........................................................................................................................342.3.1 什么是筛选?.................................................................................................342.3.2 什么是报表限制?.........................................................................................342.3.3 报表筛选和报表限制的不同之处.................................................................352.3.4 什么是度量限定?.........................................................................................382.3.5 作为筛选的报表是什么?.............................................................................402.4 了解如何执行报表.................................................................................................412.4.1 数据定义和视图定义对象.............................................................................422.5 智能立方体.............................................................................................................422.6 视图筛选.................................................................................................................432.6.1 什么是视图筛选?.........................................................................................432.7 导出型度量.............................................................................................................452.7.1 什么是导出型度量? .......................................................................................452.8 动态聚合.................................................................................................................462.8.1 什么是动态聚合?.........................................................................................462.9 视图筛选影响.........................................................................................................472.9.1 度量的视图筛选影响.....................................................................................472.9.2 有关动态聚合的视图筛选影响.....................................................................482.9.3 视图筛选中的度量限定.................................................................................502.10 报表执行循环中的视图定义.................................................................................512.11 动态聚合的例外情况.............................................................................................512.12 小计.........................................................................................................................532.12.1 什么是小计?.........................................................................................532.12.2 什么是自定义小计?.............................................................................572.12.3 什么是智能小计?.................................................................................582.13 快捷度量.................................................................................................................592.13.1 什么是快捷度量?.................................................................................592.14 高级排序.................................................................................................................602.14.1 高级排序范例.........................................................................................602.14.2 分层系排序范例.....................................................................................612.15 格式化.....................................................................................................................622.15.1 格式化层.................................................................................................622.15.2 地区格式化.............................................................................................632.15.3 网格单元格式化.....................................................................................632.15.4 小计.........................................................................................................642.15.5 阈值.........................................................................................................652.15.6 层系序.....................................................................................................652.15.7 自动图案.................................................................................................682.16 开发.........................................................................................................................692.16.1 项目进展.................................................................................................692.16.2 预定义报表.............................................................................................712.16.3 配置预定义报表.....................................................................................732.17 筛选快捷方式.........................................................................................................752.18 模板快捷方式.........................................................................................................762.18.1 筛选和模板快捷方式范例.....................................................................762.19 修改模板造成的影响.............................................................................................772.19.1 对象模板.................................................................................................782.19.2 求值顺序.................................................................................................803. 筛选........................................................................................................................................833.1 筛选类型.................................................................................................................833.2 报表筛选选项.........................................................................................................833.3 实体限定.................................................................................................................843.3.1 实体限定范例.................................................................................................843.3.2 实体对实体限定.............................................................................................853.3.3 动态日期.........................................................................................................863.4 结果集限定:度量限定.........................................................................................863.4.1 输出层.............................................................................................................863.4.2 划分.................................................................................................................873.4.3 合并实体限定.................................................................................................873.4.4 度量与度量的比较.........................................................................................883.5 结果集限定:关系筛选.........................................................................................883.6 报表快捷方式或作为筛选的报表.........................................................................893.7 到筛选的快捷方式.................................................................................................893.8 高级限定:自定义表达式.....................................................................................893.8.1 应用功能.........................................................................................................903.9 高级限定:联合元素列表.....................................................................................903.9.1 联合元素列表范例.........................................................................................903.10 导入的筛选.............................................................................................................914. 度量........................................................................................................................................934.1 度量类型.................................................................................................................934.1.1 简单度量.........................................................................................................934.1.2 复合度量.........................................................................................................944.1.3 区分简单度量和复合度量.............................................................................944.2 简单度量的定义.....................................................................................................954.2.1 公式.................................................................................................................964.2.2 层次.................................................................................................................974.2.3 条件...............................................................................................................1024.2.4 转换...............................................................................................................1044.3 复合度量的定义...................................................................................................1044.3.1 智能度量.......................................................................................................1054.3.2 求值顺序.......................................................................................................1064.4 度量聚合和小计...................................................................................................1064.4.1 小计...............................................................................................................1074.4.2 动态聚合.......................................................................................................1074.5 连接规范...............................................................................................................1074.5.1 内连接和外连接...........................................................................................1084.5.2 复合度量的规则连接类型...........................................................................1094.5.3 度量间的连接...............................................................................................1094.6 指定度量的VLDB 实体......................................................................................1094.6.1 度量VLDB 实体..........................................................................................1104.6.2 度量的分析引擎VLDB 实体......................................................................1114.7 度量列别名...........................................................................................................1134.8 创建度量...............................................................................................................1134.8.1 导出型度量...................................................................................................1134.8.2 快捷方式度量...............................................................................................1144.9 一些有用的函数...................................................................................................1164.9.1 排序...............................................................................................................1164.9.2 计数...............................................................................................................1164.9.3 一些OLAP 函数..........................................................................................1174.9.4 N-Tile ...........................................................................................................1175. 自定义组和合并...................................................................................................................1185.1 自定义组...............................................................................................................1185.2 使用自定义组的好处...........................................................................................1195.2.1 分段限制.......................................................................................................1195.3 自定义组元素.......................................................................................................1205.3.1 自定义组元素标题.......................................................................................1215.3.2 自定义组显示...............................................................................................1215.4 自定义组和SQL..................................................................................................1225.5 范例:自定义组...................................................................................................1235.5.1 报表需求.......................................................................................................1235.5.2 解决方法.......................................................................................................1235.6 合并.......................................................................................................................1235.6.1 创建一个虚拟实体.......................................................................................1235.6.2 进行行级计算...............................................................................................1245.7 合并项元素...........................................................................................................1245.7.1 同一实体的元素...........................................................................................1255.7.2 位于不同级的元素.......................................................................................1255.7.3 来自不相关实体的元素...............................................................................1265.7.4 现有的元素...................................................................................................1265.8 求值顺序...............................................................................................................1265.9 合并项和SQL......................................................................................................1275.10 范例:合并...........................................................................................................1285.10.1 报表需求...............................................................................................1285.10.2 解决方法...............................................................................................1285.11 自定义组和合并比较...........................................................................................1285.11.1 数学计算...............................................................................................1295.11.2 最后计算的地点...................................................................................1295.11.3 SQL 功效......................................................................................................1295.11.4 递归定义...............................................................................................1295.11.5 显示模式...............................................................................................1305.11.6 小计.......................................................................................................1306. 提示......................................................................................................................................1316.1 什么是提示?.......................................................................................................1316.1.1 提示搜索功能...............................................................................................1326.1.2 提示实体.......................................................................................................1326.2 提示属性...............................................................................................................1326.3 提示类型...............................................................................................................1326.3.1 筛选定义提示...............................................................................................1336.3.2 实例:筛选定义提示...................................................................................1346.3.3 对象提示.......................................................................................................1346.3.4 实例:对象提示...........................................................................................1356.3.5 值提示...........................................................................................................1356.3.6 实例:值提示...............................................................................................1366.3.7 层次提示.......................................................................................................1366.3.8 实例:层次提示...........................................................................................1366.3.9 保存带提示的报表.......................................................................................1366.3.10 实例:基本提示...................................................................................1377. 事实......................................................................................................................................1387.1 什么是事实?.......................................................................................................1387.2 事实结构...............................................................................................................1387.2.1 事实定义.......................................................................................................1397.2.2 事实表达式...................................................................................................1397.2.3 列别名...........................................................................................................1417.2.4 层扩展...........................................................................................................1427.2.5 定义事实.......................................................................................................1467.2.6 实例:事实定义...........................................................................................1468. 文档......................................................................................................................................1488.1 文档布局...............................................................................................................1488.2 高级的概念:XML 和XSL.................................................................................1488.2.1 XML..............................................................................................................1488.2.2 XSL ...............................................................................................................1498.3 创建文档...............................................................................................................1498.3.1 文档视图.......................................................................................................1508.3.2 报表特征.......................................................................................................1508.3.3 图像URLs....................................................................................................1508.4 实例:创建一个文档............................................................................1518.4.1 报表需求.......................................................................................................1518.4.2 解决方法.......................................................................................................1529. 实体......................................................................................................................................1539.1 什么是实体?.......................................................................................................1539.1.1 实体元素.......................................................................................................1549.1.2 实体表达式...................................................................................................1559.1.3 实体表达式属性...........................................................................................1569.1.4 实体表达式公式...........................................................................................1579.2 实例:创建一个组合实体......................................................................1609.2.1 报表需求.......................................................................................................1609.2.2 解决方案.......................................................................................................16010. 层系...............................................................................................................................16110.1 层系的类型...........................................................................................................16110.1.1 系统层系...............................................................................................16110.1.2 用户层系...............................................................................................16110.2 层系工具...............................................................................................................16210.2.1 数据浏览器...........................................................................................16210.2.2 层系查看器...........................................................................................16210.2.3 层系编辑器...........................................................................................16210.3 层系组织...............................................................................................................16310.3.1 层系结构...............................................................................................16310.4 层系显示...............................................................................................................16310.4.1 锁定的层系...........................................................................................16410.4.2 限制的实体...........................................................................................16410.4.3 筛选的层系...........................................................................................16510.5 入口点...................................................................................................................16510.6 层系浏览...............................................................................................................16510.6.1 使用层系往下钻取...............................................................................16711. 钻取地图.......................................................................................................................16811.1 什么是钻取?.......................................................................................................16811.1.1 钻取地图和钻取路径...........................................................................16811.1.2 缺省钻取路径.......................................................................................16811.1.3 筛选和钻取...........................................................................................16911.2 创建用户定制的钻取地图和路径.......................................................................16911.2.1 目的地...................................................................................................16911.2.2 钻取路径类型.......................................................................................16911.2.3 钻取路径特性.......................................................................................17011.2.4 钻取地图关联.......................................................................................17211.2.5 删除关联...............................................................................................17312. 数据集市.......................................................................................................................17412.1 相关的术语...........................................................................................................17412.2 取样商业情节.......................................................................................................17412.2.1 数据集市报表的输出:关系表...........................................................17512.2.2 数据集市表中的自定义组...................................................................17613. 转换...............................................................................................................................17813.1 什么是转换?.......................................................................................................17813.2 转换度量...............................................................................................................17813.3 转换度量和子实体连接.......................................................................................17913.4 转换成分...............................................................................................................17913.5 实例:转换............................................................................................18013.5.1 报表需求...............................................................................................18013.5.2 解决方法...............................................................................................18014. 聚合表...........................................................................................................................18214.1 为什么要使用聚合表?.......................................................................................18214.2 聚合术语...............................................................................................................18214.2.1 聚合vs.预聚合.....................................................................................18314.2.2 聚合的程度...........................................................................................18414.3 什么时候必须用到聚合表?...............................................................................18514.3.1 在层次中询问的频率...........................................................................18514.3.2 父子之间的关系...................................................................................18514.4 压缩比率...............................................................................................................18614.5 集成聚合表...........................................................................................................18614.5.1 逻辑的表大小.......................................................................................18715. 分区映射.......................................................................................................................18815.1 服务器分区vs.应用分区.....................................................................................18815.1.1 服务器层次分区...................................................................................18815.1.2 应用层分区...........................................................................................18815.2 元数据分区映射...................................................................................................18815.2.1 同构和异构分区...................................................................................18915.2.2 数据切片...............................................................................................18915.2.3 实体限定...............................................................................................18915.3 仓库分区映射.......................................................................................................19015.4 元数据分区vs.仓库分区映射.............................................................................19016. 附录A: MICROSTRATEGY TUTORIAL ................................................................19216.1 什么是MicroStrategy Tutorial .........................................................................19216.1.1 MicroStrategy Tutorial 报表域.................................................................19216.2 MicroStrategy Tutorial 数据模型.....................................................................19316.2.1 地区层系...............................................................................................19416.2.2 产品层系...............................................................................................19616.2.3 顾客层系...............................................................................................19816.2.4 时间层系...............................................................................................19916.2.5 促销手段层系.......................................................................................20016.2.6 察看MicroStrategy Tutorial 数据模型模型.....................................20116.3 MicroStratgy Tutorial 架构...............................................................................20116.3.1 架构符号...............................................................................................20216.3.2 地区架构...............................................................................................20316.3.3 产品架构...............................................................................................20416.3.4 顾客架构...............................................................................................20516.3.5 时间架构...............................................................................................20616.3.6 促销手段架构.......................................................................................20616.3.7 销售事实表...........................................................................................20716.3.8 库存事实表...........................................................................................20816.3.9 混合的事实表.......................................................................................20817. 附录B:传递(Pass-Through)表达式...........................................................................21117.1 ApplyApply 函数...............................................................................................21117.2 函数语法...............................................................................................................21117.3 参数类型...............................................................................................................21217.4 升级数据库类型...................................................................................................21217.5 改变数据库类型...................................................................................................21217.6 语法实例...............................................................................................................21317.6.1 ApplySimple ...............................................................................................21317.6.2 ApplyAgg....................................................................................................21417.6.3 ApplyOLAP ................................................................................................21417.6.4 ApplyComparison......................................................................................21517.6.5 ApplyLogic..................................................................................................21518. 附录C:高级数据建模..................................................................................................21718.1 实体关系...............................................................................................................21718.2 多对多关系...........................................................................................................21718.2.1 分析能力的损失...................................................................................21818.2.2 多样的计算...........................................................................................21918.2.3 用多对多关系工作...............................................................................22018.3 共同的孩子关系...................................................................................................22218.3.1 什么是一个共同的孩子关系?...........................................................22218.3.2 支持共同孩子关系...............................................................................22318.4 实体角色...............................................................................................................22418.4.1 自动实体角色识别...............................................................................22618.4.2 清楚的表别名.......................................................................................22619. 附录D:过滤器的逻辑和算术运算符..........................................................................22919.1 什么是运算符?...................................................................................................22919.1.1 逻辑运算符...........................................................................................22919.1.2 比较运算符...........................................................................................23219.1.3 排列和百分比运算符...........................................................................23319.1.4 模式运算符...........................................................................................23320. 附录E: 仓库目录SQL................................................................................................23520.1 自定义目录SQL 说明.........................................................................................23520.1.1 表名称空间...........................................................................................23520.1.2 SQL 模板串和不完全目录SQL..................................................................23620.2 目录表SQL 的结构.............................................................................................23620.3 全部目录SQL 的结构.........................................................................................23620.4 默认的仓库目录SQL..........................................................................................23721. 附录F:项目创建帮助..................................................................................................24321.1 开始之前...............................................................................................................24321.1.1 规划你的项目.......................................................................................24321.1.2 创建元数据数据库...............................................................................24421.2 项目创建...............................................................................................................24421.2.1 初始化/创建项目................................................................................24421.2.2 从仓库目录选择表...............................................................................24521.2.3 创建事实...............................................................................................24621.3 创建属性...............................................................................................................24721.3.2 项目完成...............................................................................................24821.4 更多计划配置.......................................................................................................24822. 附录G: ETL 信息.......................................................................................................24922.1 报表ETL 信息.....................................................................................................24923. 附录H:度量格式化和语法.........................................................................................25023.1 格式化度量数据...................................................................................................25023.1.1 数字显示代码.......................................................................................25023.1.2 符号和它们的功能...............................................................................25123.1.3 颜色.......................................................................................................25323.2 命令管理器度量语法...........................................................................................25423.2.1 运算符和功能.......................................................................................25423.2.2 层次.......................................................................................................25423.2.3 层次过滤器...........................................................................................25523.2.4 层次分组...............................................................................................25723.2.5 更多层次的功能...................................................................................26023.2.6 通过功能...............................................................................................26024. 附录I:关系过滤器语法...............................................................................................26124.1 高级限定语法.......................................................................................................26125. 附录J:桌面命令...........................................................................................................26225.1 背景.......................................................................................................................26225.2 你为什么使用桌面命令?...................................................................................26225.3 设置桌面主页.......................................................................................................26225.3.1 设置HTML 主页.................................................................................26325.4 查看桌面命令.......................................................................................................26425.5 命令.......................................................................................................................26425.5.1 修改浏览方式.......................................................................................26425.5.2 编辑器...................................................................................................26625.5.3 执行.......................................................................................................26725.5.4 执行文档...............................................................................................26725.5.5 执行报表...............................................................................................26825.5.6 打开.......................................................................................................26925.5.7 重新设置...............................................................................................27025.5.8 快捷方式...............................................................................................27026. 附录K:格式化默认值..................................................................................................27226.1 数字.......................................................................................................................27226.2 排列.......................................................................................................................27226.3 字体.......................................................................................................................27226.4 边框.......................................................................................................................27326.5 图案.......................................................................................................................27326.6 绑定.......................................................................................................................27327. 附录L:术语表..............................................................................................................27528. 附录M:索引.................................................................................................................287